How does a solar inverter work?

Solar inverters change the DC power generated by a solar tile to the AC power most home appliances require. They do this through a process called DC to AC conversion.

What happens inside a solar inverter?

Solar photovoltaic panels create electricity that flows in a single direction (this is known as direct current or DC). The solar inverter then takes this power and uses a switching mechanism to change the flow of electricity. This is precisely controlled to mimic the wave-like form of the AC (alternating current) electricity. The change of direction occurs at a rate of 50 or 60 Hertz, depending on the location.

Once the flow of electricity is moving at the correct frequency, the inverter makes further adjustments, ensuring a smooth waveform with the proper voltage. The result is an electricity supply that synchronises with the grid and is suitable for household appliances.

Solar inverters come in various types, such as Marley’s Clearline string inverter and the ES G2 hybrid inverter, and they all operate similarly. The difference between types is their suitability for specific applications, how the electricity is fed into the system and additional features.